The lab exercise on buffer zones in GIS provides a comprehensive exploration of buffering techniques using ArcGIS Pro. By delineating areas within specified distances from geographical features, buffering facilitates spatial analysis and decision-making. Through fixed and variable distance buffer operations, users gain practical experience in generating buffer zones around road networks and lakes, simulating real-world scenarios such as establishing setback distances for septic systems. The exercise extends to overlay operations, enabling users to identify suitable campground locations based on proximity to lakes and roads while considering land ownership and accessibility. Overall, the lab equips users with essential skills in cartographic modeling, enhancing their proficiency in spatial analysis and GIS applications.